Date of Profile Completion: 2014-2019ProfileGeographic, Demographic Socioeconomic: Land area (km²) 3,337 km² Sea area (km²) 19,877 km² Coastline (km)500.13 km Major river systems (names) Nanliu River Total number of coastal cities/ municipalitiesHaicheng, Yinhai, Tieshangang, Hepu Population (latest census)1,743,400 (2016) Population growth rate (latest census) 5.99% Male/Female ratio (latest census) 1.08:1.00 Average annual household income (latest census) 36,470 RMB, or USD 5,443.28 Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census) Agriculture/fisheries Industry Services• First industry: 7,235,000 • Second industry: 796,315 • Third industry:1,051,879 (2004) Ecological/Environmental: Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat) Mangrove forests: 19 km² Coral reefs: coverage reaches 17.5~19.5% Seagrass: 5.4 km² Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage) Shankou Mangrove National MPA 80 km² Hepu Dugong National MPA 350 km² Weizhou Island Coral Reef National Ocean Park: 25.12 km² Coastal fisheries (species/levels) Fish 600 species and shrimps 10 species. Stichopus variegatus (sea cucumber), clam, Amusium, hydrophis cyanocinctus (sea snake) Threatened or endangered species (protected species) Dugong, chelonia mydas (green turtle), tachypleus tridentatus , amphioxus, cowfish, Chinese white dolphin, black-faced spoonbill, egretta eulophotes (Chinese egret), grey-headed lapwing Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems: Natural and man-made threats and hazards1) Environmental pressures from development, pollutants, lack of integrated marine environmental monitoring, low technical capacity and lack of an interagency and intersectoral coordination mechanism are the key challenges. 2) integrated land and sea use planning in partnership with other administrative areas 3) Absence of management system and technical support system for coastal management. 4) Poor use of available data due to lack of integrated information management system. Status of ICM ImplementationICM Coverage and Governance Indicators: NOT YET IN PLACEONGOING DEV'TIN PLACESUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS ICM Coordinating MechanismX ICM Project/Program OfficeXSpecific staff in the Oceanic Administration of Beihai are responsible for ICM. Stakeholder ParticipationXConsultation process; local departments (eg. Hepu county) participate in decision making process. Coastal Strategy/Implementation PlanXBeihai Coastal and Islands Improvement and Remediation Project ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources CommittedXDetailed work and budget plan supported by Beihai government. M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)X ICM Management Processes: NOT YET IN PLACEONGOING DEV'TIN PLACESUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification X- Overall Planning of Beihai City 2013-2030 (marine section) - Planning of Beihai Environmental Protection 2013-2020 (integrated management on coasts and ocean) - Implementation Plan on Eco-civilization Structural Reform of Beihai Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others) XCoastal Use Zoning, MPAs Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats: NOT YET IN PLACEONGOING DEV'TIN PLACESUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)XIn Shankou Mangrove National MPA, the area of mangrove forests is about 81.88 km². The area of sea grass is about 5.4 km² Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitatsXNo information available Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitatsXAll the mentioned MPAs Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitatsXConstriction Planning on Eco-civilization of Beihai Beihai Coastal and Islands Improvement and Remediation Project Overall Planning of Shankou Mangrove National MPA (2012-2020) Master Plan of Weizhou Island National Ocean Park Restoration program(s)XThe remediation projects of 13th five year plan, namely, Developing Mangrove Forests in the Southern China and Chinese Tamarix Forests in the Northern China”, “Blue Bay” and “Ecological Islands” from national level, the remediation plans of mangrove forests, sea grass, and coral reefs of Beihai. Benefits (social, economic, ecological) - Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks - Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors - Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs - Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights XThe protection and recovery of key habitats (mangrove forests, sea grass and coral reefs) of Beihai city greatly helps the maintenance of biodiversity and the improvement of eco-environment. Besides, the construction and protection of 3 important MPAs brings more tourism, investment and employment in Beihai. Related PublicationsCoastal Zone Management Focusing on Coastal Tourism in a Transitional Period of ChinaGuidelines to control water pollution from agriculture in China: decoupling water pollution from agricultural productionIntegrated Coastal Zone Management in the People's Republic of China: An Assessment of Structural Impacts on Decision-Making ProcessesPayments for Ecological Services and Eco-compensation: Practices and Innovations in the People's Republic of ChinaPR China: Law on Fisheries of China China