Beihai

Date of Profile Completion:

2014-2019

Profile

Geographic, Demographic Socioeconomic:


Land area (km²)	3,337 km²
Sea area (km²)	19,877 km²
Coastline (km)	500.13 km
Major river systems (names)	Nanliu River
Total number of coastal cities/ municipalities	Haicheng, Yinhai, Tieshangang, Hepu
Population (latest census)	1,743,400 (2016)
Population growth rate (latest census)	5.99%
Male/Female ratio (latest census)	1.08:1.00
Average annual household income (latest census)	36,470 RMB, or USD 5,443.28
Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census) Agriculture/fisheries Industry Services	• First industry: 7,235,000 • Second industry: 796,315 • Third industry:1,051,879 (2004)

Ecological/Environmental:


Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat)	Mangrove forests: 19 km² Coral reefs: coverage reaches 17.5～19.5% Seagrass: 5.4 km²
Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)	Shankou Mangrove National MPA 80 km² Hepu Dugong National MPA 350 km² Weizhou Island Coral Reef National Ocean Park: 25.12 km²
Coastal fisheries (species/levels)	Fish 600 species and shrimps 10 species. Stichopus variegatus (sea cucumber), clam, Amusium, hydrophis cyanocinctus (sea snake)
Threatened or endangered species (protected species)	Dugong, chelonia mydas (green turtle), tachypleus tridentatus , amphioxus, cowfish, Chinese white dolphin, black-faced spoonbill, egretta eulophotes (Chinese egret), grey-headed lapwing

Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems:


Natural and man-made threats and hazards	1) Environmental pressures from development, pollutants, lack of integrated marine environmental monitoring, low technical capacity and lack of an interagency and intersectoral coordination mechanism are the key challenges. 2) integrated land and sea use planning in partnership with other administrative areas 3) Absence of management system and technical support system for coastal management. 4) Poor use of available data due to lack of integrated information management system.

Status of ICM Implementation

ICM Coverage and Governance Indicators:


	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
ICM Coordinating Mechanism	X
ICM Project/Program Office		X	Specific staff in the Oceanic Administration of Beihai are responsible for ICM.
Stakeholder Participation		X	Consultation process; local departments (eg. Hepu county) participate in decision making process.
Coastal Strategy/Implementation Plan	X		Beihai Coastal and Islands Improvement and Remediation Project
ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources Committed		X	Detailed work and budget plan supported by Beihai government.
M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)	X

ICM Management Processes:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification			X	- Overall Planning of Beihai City 2013-2030 (marine section) - Planning of Beihai Environmental Protection 2013-2020 (integrated management on coasts and ocean) - Implementation Plan on Eco-civilization Structural Reform of Beihai
Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others)			X	Coastal Use Zoning, MPAs

Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)		X	In Shankou Mangrove National MPA, the area of mangrove forests is about 81.88 km². The area of sea grass is about 5.4 km²
Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitats	X		No information available
Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitats		X	All the mentioned MPAs
Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitats		X	Constriction Planning on Eco-civilization of Beihai Beihai Coastal and Islands Improvement and Remediation Project Overall Planning of Shankou Mangrove National MPA (2012-2020) Master Plan of Weizhou Island National Ocean Park
Restoration program(s)		X	The remediation projects of 13th five year plan, namely, Developing Mangrove Forests in the Southern China and Chinese Tamarix Forests in the Northern China”, “Blue Bay” and “Ecological Islands” from national level, the remediation plans of mangrove forests, sea grass, and coral reefs of Beihai.
Benefits (social, economic, ecological) - Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks - Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors - Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs - Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights		X	The protection and recovery of key habitats (mangrove forests, sea grass and coral reefs) of Beihai city greatly helps the maintenance of biodiversity and the improvement of eco-environment. Besides, the construction and protection of 3 important MPAs brings more tourism, investment and employment in Beihai.

China

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