Jiulong River Basin

Profile

Geographic, Demographic Socioeconomic:


Land Area (km²)	14,241 km2
Sea area (km²)	2,692 km2
Coastline (km)	860 km
Major river systems (names)	Xixi River, Nanxi River and Beixi River
Total number of coastal cities/municipalities	Longyan City: Xinluo District, Zhangping City; Zhangzhou City: Xiangcheng District, Longwen District, Hua’an County, Changtai County, Pinghe County, Nanjing County, Longhai City; and Xiamen City
Population (latest census)
Population growth rate (latest census)
Male/female ratio (latest census)
Average annual household income (latest census)	Total GDP of the watershed area was 228,445,000,000 RMB (2007) and GDP per capita was 38,225 RMB or USD 6,165 (2007)
Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census) Agriculture/fisheries Industry Services

Ecological/Environmental:


Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat)	Mangrove: 288.0 ha Mudflat of intertidal zone: 90.9 ha Saltwater marshes: 15.4 ha Estuary region: 25.9 ha
Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)	Longhai Jiulongjiang Watershed Provincial Mangrove Nature Reserve: 420.2 ha
Coastal fisheries (species/levels)	From 1990 to 2000, capture fishery declined significantly due to overharvest, pollution and habitat change, as well as reduction of fishery output since 2003. Aquaculture output also declined from 2000 on due to shift in adjustment in fishery structure.
Threatened or endangered species (protected species)	Over 3,000 individuals of Chinese White Dolphin occurred in coastal waters of Xiamen in the 1960s, and the population declined to 60-100 in 1999 (Huang Zongguo). The species are mainly found in Dayu, Songyu, Gulangyu and Jiyu. Lancelet populations declined significantly since 1975. Now, the species is mainly found in Qianpu and Huangxi, with a population density of 250 individuals per square meter.

Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems:


Climate variation and change	Average temperature: 21℃ Subtropical monsoon climate
Other natural threats and hazards	Typhoon occurs average 4 times a year.
Other climate/man-made hazards	Red tide occurs average 6 times a year (2003-2008).
Man-made threats and hazards	1) Water pollution is still an outstanding issue, in particular from livestock farming. Non-point source pollution contributed 44% and 22% to nitrogen and phosphorus loading in Xiamen Bay, and livestock contributes 21% and 46% respectively; 2) overcrowded hydropower stations that interferes with water flow, and degradation of ecosystems; 3) water safety from red tide, oil spill accidents, etc.; 4) coastal reclamation that destroy the habitats of coastal species and ecosystem services

Status of ICM Implementation

ICM Coverage and Governance Indicators:


	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
ICM Coordinating Mechanism		X	Joint Meeting of Water Environment Integrated Governance in Jiulong watershed, Fujian Province
ICM Project/Program Office		X	Xiamen Ocean and Fisheries Bureau
Stakeholder Participation		X	Consultation process
Coastal Strategy/Implementation Plan	X		Jiulongjiang River-Xiamen Bay Ecosystem Management Strategic Action Plan
ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources Committed		X	Detailed work and budget plan supported by Xiamen city, Zhangzhou city, Longyan city.
M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)	X		Fujian Provincial Audit Office

ICM Management Processes:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification		X		Jiulongjiang River-Xiamen Bay Ecosystem Management Strategic Action Plan Jiulongjiang Watershed Environmental comprehensive management work plan
Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others)			X	Zoning, MPAs, EAFM, Watershed- Bay Ecological Compensation Principle

Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats:


	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)		X	Located in the southwestern part of Fujian Province, Jiulong River is the second largest river in Fujian Province with a total length of 1923 kilometers and a watershed catchment area of about 14,700 square kilometers, accounting for 12% of the total area of Fujian Province.
Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitats	X		No information
Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitats	X		No information
Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitats	X		In the Jiulong River and Xiamen Bay Ecosystem Management Strategic Action Plan, the following actions are proposed for implementation: 1) strengthening management capacity in coordination, legislation, sustainable financing and monitoring; 2) mitigating pollutants through infrastructure, proper livestock management, agriculture pollution control, introduction of total allowable pollutant loading system, 3) ecosystem restoration and protection including protection sources of drinking water and disaster management, 4) public awareness raising, and 5) strengthening scientific and technologic support capacity.
Restoration program(s)	X		Jiulong River Watershed Ecological Compensation Project (2016) Ecological Environment Rehabilitation Project for Dongku District of Jiulong River and Beixi River
Benefits (social, economic, ecological) - Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks - Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors - Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs - Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights			1) Reduce the risk of disaster (stormy waves) 2) Improve the eco-environment of estuary and bay 3) Mitigate climate change 4) Enhance the biodiversity of intertidal and subtidal zone

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