Climate variation and change | Typhoons/severe tropical storms: 67 typhoons during 31 years (1978 - 2009) affected Nghe An. Typhoons normally cause flood and storm surges leading to severe damage.
Storms surges/flooding: Great and catastrophic floods often occur in La Nina years: 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2004. Floods were strongest in 7/1992 and 3/1989, causing inundation at Lach Van, Lach Thơi and Cua Hoi.
Sea level rise: According to MONRE climate change scenarios, when sea level rise reaches 100cm, the effected area would cover 52 communes/wards in Dien Chau, Hung Nguyen, Nghi Loc, Quynh Luu districts, Vinh city and Cua Lo town. The number of people affected would be more than 57,000.
Drought: Is the third priority among disaster types, (after floods and storms) however data is currently not available. |
Other natural threats and hazards | Coastal erosion: In the past years, waves, tides and sea level rises due to storms, which caused erosion at numerous sections of the coastline. 19 among 45 coastal communes have the issue of coastal erosion; the total length of eroded coastline is 24.500m. The erosion rate is between 3 and 10m/year, it could reach 18m/year at Dien Thinh beach.
Particular eroded locations include:
• Quynh Phuong, Quynh Bang, Quynh Luong, Quynh Minh, Quynh Nghia, Quynh Thuan, Quynh Long, Quynh Hai and Quynh Tho (Quynh Luu district)
• Dien Hung, Dien Hai, Dien Thinh, Dien Kim and Dien Hai (Dien Chau district)
• Nghi Hai and Nghi Yen (Nghi Loc district) |
Other climate/man-made hazards | |
Man-made threats and hazards | Domestic garbage/solid waste: Data on domestic solid waste are available only for Vinh city; the collection amount is about 160 ton/day, collection rate: 90%. Estimate collection rate for whole province is 70% - 75 %.
Industrial and hazardous waste: Industrial waste is reported only for IPs. The total amount of industrial waste is 5.140 tons, in which the hazardous waste is 0.026 tons (2009).
Overfishing/destructive fishing: Use of non-permitted net, poisons in fishing. Some species decrease remarkably in number, such as Nemalalosa nasus, Hilsa reveesi, Clupanodon thrissa.
Deforestation/land use: Mangrove forest and coastal protection forest destruction for shrimp farming and industrial development at Cua Hoi, Cua Van, Cua Lach Quen, Cua Lach Con and some beaches.
Unsustainable aquaculture practices: Unplanned shrimp farming without appropriate environmental sanitation measures, causing diseases and death to shrimp.
Overexploitation/destructive use of habitats (mangroves; coral reefs; seagrass): Mangrove forest and coastal protection forest destruction.
Polluted groundwaters: Colliform is high in well water in some communes and wards of coastal districts, particularly in Dien Hong commune of Dien Chau districts.
Overuse/mismanagement of groundwater supplies: Innappropriate measures in controlling the ground water exploitation.
Salt water intrusion: Salt water intrusion to Ca (Lam) river has increased in the last years. For some small rivers/rivulets the dams have been constructed to protect salt water intrusion. |