Bataan

Date of Profile Completion:

December 5, 2017

Profile

Geographic, Demographic Socioeconomic:


Land area (km²)	1,373 km²
Sea area (km²)	2,340 km²
Coastline (km)	188.66 km (177 km from Hermosa looping up to Morong excluding Subic Bay Metropolitan Area)
Major river systems (names)	Talisay River, Almacen River, and other minor river and tributaries.
Total number of coastal cities/municipalities	There are 10 coastal municipalities and one coastal city: • Morong • Bagac • Mariveles • Limay • Orion • Pilar • Balanga City • Abucay • Samal • Orani • Hermosa
Population (latest census)	687,482 (2010)
Population growth rate (latest census)	2.11% (2010)
Male/Female ratio (latest census)	102.2 (number of males for every 100 females)
Average annual household income (latest census)	Php 91,978 (2006)
Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census) Agriculture/fisheries Industry Services	• Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry: 18.63% (2003) • Industry: 25.49% (2003) • Services: 55.88% (2003)

Ecological/Environmental:


Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat)	Mangroves: 135.30 hectares in Bataan province, with the healthiest stands located in Samal and Balanga. Mangrove areas can be observed from Orani to Orion, along with seaweed areas and seagrass patches areas from portions of Balanga and Pilar, down to Mariveles Coral reefs are found in coastal areas of Mariveles near the mouth of Manila Bay North Channel looping to Bagac, Morong and the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority along the Bataan-South China Sea coastline.
Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)	Turtle Sanctuary established in Brgy Nagbalayong in Morong Square km fish sanctuary established in Orion in 1999. Seagrass Restoration and Protection Zone: • Orani • Samal • Orion • Mariveles • Bagac
Coastal fisheries (species/levels)	Aquaculture production is common in the province, where brackish water and freshwater fishponds have a total area of 4,288.65 and has produced good quality tilapia and milkfish, tiger prawns and mudcrabs. From the coastal areas, bivalves such as mussel, oyster, halaan, kabia and capiz are bountiful. The coastal waters of Bagac and Morong are noted as milkfish fry ground areas. Among the different species caught in Bataan fishing grounds are: acetes (alamang), anchovies, mullet, white shrimps, whiting (asohos), thread fin bream (bisugo), blue crab sardines, mackerel, bivalves or shellfish, big eyed and yellow fin tuna, slip mouth (sapsap), squid and siganids (samara and kitang).
Threatened or endangered species (protected species)	No information available.

Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems:


Climate variation and change	No information available.
Other natural threats and hazards	Earthquakes: • East Zambales Fault-60 km east of municipality of Samal • Manila Trench- 120 km west of Luzon • Lubang Island-Mindoro Fault -100 km to the south • Digdig Fault- 100 km to the northeast Volcano: • Mt. Pinatubo located some 40 kms to the north. • Smaller dormant volcanoes are Mt. Sta. Rita and Mt. Malasimbo • Eastern flank of Bataan peninsula has 2 large volcanic edifices: Mt. Natib to the north and Mt. Mariveles towards the south.
Other climate/man-made hazards	No information available.
Man-made threats and hazards	No information available.

Status of ICM Implementation

ICM Coverage and Governance Indicators:


	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
ICM Coordinating Mechanism	X		Bataan Sustainable Development Council (BSDC) The province has coordinating mechanisms for the integrated coastal management. However, no legal basis was available to support the coordinating mechanism.
ICM Project/Program Office		X	Project Management Office based on the EO (and sustained through PPP). Acts s secretariat
Stakeholder Participation		X	Through BSDC meetings (twice a year, plus special meetings) Technical Working Group for ICM; Evaluation for coastal clean up done by PMO. Stakeholders participate in Coastal clean up, mangrove planting, and campaigns against illegal/destructive fishing.
Coastal Strategy/Implementation Plan		X	Bataan Sustainable Development Strategy (BSDS). There is aso a multi-year coastal strategy implementation plan (CSIP) plan in effect – the Implementation Plan for Bataan Sustainable Development Strategy (IPBSDS), which was prepared through a multi-sectoral participatory process, and is currently being updated.
ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources Committed		X	Annual work and financial plan.
M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)		X	Via the State of the Coast (SOC), although it is in its initial stage

ICM Management Processes:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification			X	Local Climate Change Adaptation Plan (LCCAP) Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan (DRRM) on going Bataan Sustainable Development Strategy Coastal Land & Sea-Use Zoning Plan
Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others)		X	X	Coastal zoning (2 municipalities [Abucay and Balangan (2012)].

Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)	X			Mangrove areas can be observed from Orani to Orion, along with seaweed areas and seagrass patches areas from portions of Balanga and Pilar down to Mariveles. (Mangrove: 135.30 hectares in the province and the healthiest stands can be found in Samal and Balanga) Coral reefs are found in coastal areas of Mariveles near the mouth of Manila Bay North Channel looping to Bagac, Morong and the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority along the Bataan- South China Sea coastline. It must be noted there is a lack of research studies/assessments and monitoring of habitat and water quality in Bataan.
Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitats	X			It must be noted there is a lack of research studies/assessments and monitoring of habitat and water quality in Bataan.
Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitats	X			No information available.
Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitats		X	X	Coastal clean up, mangrove planting, and campaigns against illegal/destructive fishing are in place to reduce environmental stress.
Restoration program(s)		X	X	• Bataan Sustainable Development Strategy (BSDS) • Coastal Land & Sea-Use Zoning Plan • Local Climate Change Adaptation Plan (LCCAP), • Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan (DRRM) is currently on going.
Benefits (social, economic, ecological) o Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks o Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors o Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs o Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights			X	Increase/bolster the mangrove area number of volunteers, and an increase of income for fishermen in the area.

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs):


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of MPAs/MPA networks)		X	X	A baseline assessment of the health and resiliency of the habitats has been conducted, as reported by the Mangrove Species Suitability report, although there is information lacking on the areal extent of the MPA. 7 Marine Protected Areas/ Fish Sanctuaries + 3 Marine Turtle Sanctuary are all functional (e.g. Limay Fish Sanctuary-Special Recognition: National Gawad Saka Award on Fish Capture Category)
Ecological, social and economic characteristics, significance and conditions of MPA/MPA Network at project start-up	X			No information available.
MPA governance situation at project start-up			X	CBFM FLA c/o PENRO
METT rating of management effectiveness of MPA at project start-up	X			No information available.
New or improved MPA management plan			X	Mangrove Planting Coastal Clean-Up, Reforestation Activity for Watershed.
Improvements recorded at priority MPA sites using METT indicators	X			No information available.

Fisheries Management:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of threatened fishing grounds covered by ICM/EAFM management plans)			X	Aquaculture production is common in the province where brackish water and freshwater fishponds having total area of 4,288.65 has produce good quality tilapia and milkfish, tiger prawns and mud crabs. From the coastal areas, bivalves such as mussel, oyster, halaan, kabia and capiz are bountiful.” Coastal waters of Bagac and Morong are noted as milkfish fry ground areas. Among the different species caught in Bataan fishing grounds are: acetes (alamang), anchovies, mullet, white shrimps, whiting (asohos), thread fin bream (bisugo), blue crab sardines, mackerel, bivalves or shellfish, big eyed and yellow fin tuna, slip mouth (sapsap), squid and siganids (samara and kitang)
Baseline conditions for CPUE for important fish species (threats, risks, or vulnerability assessments of fishing ground; governance and socio-economic conditions)			X	BRAF; LGU’s
EAFM or similar management plan			X	• Resolution No.68 (2002) Adopting the Bataan Coastal Strategy as Primary Coastal Resources Management Framework for the Province of Bataan • Implementation Plan for Bataan Sustainable Development
Evidence of measured increase in CPUE of 10% over baseline condition for important fish species using ICM/EAFM approach	X			No information available.
Socio-economic and ecological impacts and benefits derived from ICM/EAFM implementation (DSS models e.g., FISH DA, TURF)		X		Increase/bolster the mangrove population. Increase in revenue to fishermen.
Socio-economic assessment of fishing households	X			No information available.
Livelihood development and implementation opportunities	X			No information available.
Market assessment/sustainability analysis of alternative livelihoods	X			No information available.
Pilot project proposal/action plan for livelihood development	X			No information available.
Evidence of improvements in socio-economic conditions in fisher households	X			No information available.
Case studies and policy briefs for scaling up and replication	X			No information available.

Pollution Reduction:


	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of pilot river basin/coastal areas (including areal extent of priority river basins/coastal areas covered by ICM/IWRM management plans)	X	X	A baseline assessment has been conducted in Orani Marivele, and socio-economic and environmental profiles have been conducted in every municipality via community based monitoring systems (CBMS) PENRO/CENRO; Pollution profile needs to be updated
Project proposal/action plan for an integrated river basin and coastal area focusing on pollution prevention and management and/or water resource conservation, protection and management		X	There do exist water management/waste management mechanisms and plans at the municipal level. IPBSDS
Water quality monitoring in priority rivers/coastal areas	X	X	Water quality/water classification done by DENR via EMB (in LGU:PHO).
Evidence of reduced pollutant discharges and water resource conservation, protection and use management		X	BioGas and coastal clean up has successfully lead to reduced pollution load and improved water conservation use.

Nutrient Management and Water Use Conservation:


	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Household survey of water supply, use and sanitation conditions in coastal and watershed areas	X	Currently working on compiling the information (PPDO)
Feasibility assessment of improved access to safe and secure water supply and improved sanitation through technologies, operations and good management practices	X	Reports being prepared and are to be made available upon request.
Evidence of socio-economic and environmental benefits	X	Reports being prepared and are to be made available upon request.

Preparedness and Capability to Respond to Natural and Man-made Hazards:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of highly vulnerable coastal communities			X	CLUP; There has been forecasting and/or hazard mapping on flooding/storm surges, landslides and HAB’s. A risk assessment/vulnerability assessment has been conducted to identify highly vulnerable populations/settlements in the community through the Mines and Geoscience (MGB).
Proposal/management action plan for CCA/DRRM-focused ICM pilot demonstration project for highly vulnerable coastal area/community	X			A local land use plan has not yet been mainstreamed for CCA/DRRM.
CCA/DRRM Plans, early warning systems and institutional mechanisms			X	A CCA/DRRM plan has been developed province wide.
Trainings on vulnerability assessment, mapping etc.	X			No information available.
Policy/financial commitment in support of action plan	X			No information available.
Impacts/benefits derived (socio-economic, public awareness, reduced risk, improved resiliency)		X		With assessment but no documentation.
Case studies, good practices, climate smart policies and legislation	X			No available case studies or examples.
Investments in climate change adaptation measures (including hard and soft engineering solutions)			X	DOST (Automated Weather Station, Color coding posts for water level)
Percentage of households in highly vulnerable coastal areas relocated away from hazard zones (Project target: 5%)	X			DRRM, but no figures have been reported.
Percentage of households in highly vulnerable coastal areas provided with evacuation routes and safe refuge locations (Project target: 100%)		X		Safe zones/safe refuge locations have been identified and established, implemented by PEO, DRRM and DepEd, but effectiveness have not been calculated.

Innovative Economic and Investment Instruments to Rehabilitate and Sustain Coastal & Marine Ecosystem Services:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of local governments implementing ICM (including priority issues/areas requiring capital financing and investments)	X	No information available.
Project proposal/feasibility study for bankable investment projects	X	No information available.
Economic instruments and investment mechanisms (e.g., PES; PPP; licensing/user fee; green bonds; blue carbon; etc.)	X	No information available.
Evidence of increased investments and social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments	X	No information available.
Evidence of social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments	X	No information available.

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