Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat) | 1. Mangroves
Binh Dinh is a coastal province in South Central, has a coastline of 134km. This region is favorable for the growth and development of the mangrove forest and its ecosystem. Previously, the mangroves grew naturally in the lagoons, estuaries and coastal areas, although the area is not large and not focused, but it also plays a significant role in the ecosystem coastal states. However, in recent years, due to the economic development, many mangrove forests are cleared and transferred to aquaculture.
Currently, concentrated mangroves are 70ha, including: Phuoc Son Commune, Tuy Phuoc district: 50 ha of mangrove forest; Quy Nhon City: 20ha (Dong Da Ward: 12-hectare mangrove forest, Nhon Binh Ward: 8 ha mangrove). In planning mangroves Binh Dinh province from 2010 to 2020, there is 391.4 ha of new planting and protecting mangrove 461.4 ha (current 70 ha plus 391.4 hectares of new planting) in 4 districts, city: Phu My, Phu Cat, Tuy Phuoc district and Quy Nhon city.
2. Coral
Binh Dinh Province in 2005 recorded an average coverage of the entire hard coral as 40.6 %, with some advanced species like Acropora, Montipora, Porites, Millepora and Heliopora. Acropora corals are the most common components; the average coverage accounted for more than 20% on each reef point, with some points reaching 76.9 % (West Cu Lao Xanh ) . Montipora accounted for 60 % coverage at some points (Ganh Nhon Ly.) Porites: from 5.9 to 17.1 % mainly in the deep Hon Dun, Ganh Nhon Ly, Hon Kho Nho and Western South Cu Lao Xanh. Millepora; 8.8 to 10 %. Heliopora; 2.3 to 20.6 % mainly at Hon Kho Nho, Hon Kho Lon and Western South Cu Lao Xanh. According to English and CTV Analysis Standard (1997) 44.5% of coral reefs are poor quality. This suggests that coral reefs inshore waters of Binh Dinh Province are under serious threat. |
| Evaluation results also show that soft corals make up a small percentage of the coverage in the bottom of the reef, and is mainly concentrated in Hon Tranh, Hon Dun and Cu Lao Xanh island coverage with the highest value at West Cu Lao Xanh (4.6%). Coral reefs in the South and West Hon Ngang, Hon Kho Lon have the lowest hard coral cover (about 10%), while the dead coral framework and coral debris snapped accounted for a large percentage of coverage on reef bottoms compared to other reef sites in the region.
3. Seaweeds
According to survey, analysis results of types of samples collected in the area Cu Lao Xanh - Hon Dat – Hon Kho, Quy Nhon city, there are 61 species of seaweed under 4 sectors: rong Lam (Cyanophyta), rong Nau (Phaeophyta), rong Do (Rhodophyta) and rong Luc (Chlorophyta) were recorded. In which, Cyanophyta has 3 species (representing 4.9%), Rhodophyta has 30 species (accounting for 49.1%), Phaeophyta has 13 species (representing 21.3%), Chlorophyta has 15 species (representing 24.7%). Special seaweeds have economic value as: Rong Cau chan vit (Gracilaria eucheumoides), Rong Cau rễ tre (Gelediella acerosa), rong Dong (Hypnea pannosa), rong Mo (Sargassum spp.)
4. Reef fish
According to survey results of the reefs in the area of Cu Lao Xanh - Hon Dat – Hon Kho, Quy Nhon City, there are identified 111 species belonging to 61 genus and 34 families. Thia fish family (Pomacentridae) accounts for 19 species, (17,11%), Bang Chai fish family (Labridae) followed by 17 species (15.31%), Buom fish family (Chaetodontidae) has 10 species (9%), Duoi Gai fish family (Acanthuridae) has 10 species (9%). These fish family above have abundant, common species, in large numbers in the section (transect). |
| In addition, Mu fish family (Serranidae) has 5 species (4.5%), Hong fish family (Lutjanidae) has 4 species (3.6%), Dia fish family (Siganidae) has 4 species (3.6% ), the rest families have from 1-3 species. Fish families which have more than 10 species are Buom fish, Thia fish, Bang Chai fish and Duoi Gai fish, account 50.45% of total species.
Distribution Characteristics:
- Hon Dat area there is appearance of large numbers of Mu fish family (Serranidae), Thia fish family (Pomacentridae), Bang Chai fish family (Labridae), Duoi Gai fish family (Acanthuridae).
- Nhon Hai area also has familiar appearance of fish with Hon Dat area but some different, there is a special "stone dyke" inshore so that Thia fish family (Pomacentridae) and Bang Chai fish family (Labridae) appear with large number.
- The area of Cu Lao Xanh has more species with larger number. Number of the species in the Buom Fish (Chaetodontidae), Thia fish (Pomacentridae) and Bang Chai fish family (Labridae) is higher than at Hon Dat and Nhon Hai. |
Coastal and Marine Protected Areas
(Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)
| So far, Binh Dinh province hasn’t built any marine and coastal protected areas. There is only Tra O lagoon inland water reservation area. The province has established an MPA in Nhon Chau, Quy Nhon city. |
Coastal fisheries (species/levels) | • The majority of coral reefs in the group 1-10 cm size and density of fish in this group accounted for 70% of the number of individuals in reef fish communities.
• Fish group has 11-20 cm size accounted for 26.7%, whereas fish groups has size> 20 cm accounted for a tiny fraction of the density (1%), are Mom ong fish (Fistularia commersonii) lao fish (aulostomus chinensis.)
• The fish groups have higher value and higher size as Mu, Hong, Kem, Cam, He fish are rarely seen in the reef waters areas of Quy Nhon., except 1 to 2 individuals with 21-30 cm size belongs to Mu fish Plectropomus Leopardus are caught in Southern west Cu Lao Xanh .
• Density of terrestrial molluscs individuals are very poor, ranging from 1.5 (South Hon Ngang) to 23 individuals (West Cu Lao Xanh), average 7.3 individuals/400m2, in which, oc san ho (Coralliophila neritoidea) has the highest species density. Trai tai tuong are also recorded as 3 species: Tridacna crocea, Tridacna squamosa with average density of 1.8 con/400 m2.
• Lobster Panulirus spp., Hai sam Holothuria spp. And Cau gai so dua Tripneustes gratilla are almost absent on most reefs.
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Threatened or endangered species
(protected species)
| Mangroves and coral reefs |