Bulacan

Date of Profile Completion:

Dec 8, 2017

Profile

Geographic, Demographic Socioeconomic:


Land area (km²)	2,796 km²
Sea area (km²)	c/o NAMRIA; local GIS office
Coastline (km)	33 km
Major river systems (names)	Bulacan has 4 major river systems: Pampanga River, Angat River, Sta. Maria River, and the Bayabas River.
Total number of coastal cities/ municipalities	The province has 8 coastal and watershed cities/municipalities which include; Obando, Bulakan, Malolos, Hagonoy, and Paombong.
Population (latest census)	2,924,433 (2010)
Population growth rate (latest census)	Annual population growth rate of 4.9.
Male/Female ratio (latest census)	No information available.
Average annual household income (latest census)	No information available.
Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census) Agriculture/fisheries Industry Services	There are fishing activities among the coastal communities in Bulacan but mariculture via construction of fish ponds is very common. The existence of fish ponds has entirely altered the previous landscape of the coastal areas. Bulacan has also considerable land cover for agricultural activities and small-scale and medium-scale industries are present.

Ecological/Environmental:


Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat)	Mangroves, small patches of seagrass • Mangrove Reserve Area – Bulacan, 23 hectares
Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)	No information available.
Coastal fisheries (species/levels)	Yes, but lacking information on specifics.
Threatened or endangered species (protected species)	None registered.

Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems:


Climate variation and change	Typhoons/severe tropical storms, storm surges/flooding, rising sea levels and drought are threats and hazards that affect Bulacan.
Other natural threats and hazards	Earthquakes, Volcanoes (Nearest Pinatubo, Arayat), and incidences of coastal erosion, sedimentation and landslides have occurred in Bulacan.
Other climate/man-made hazards	Harmful algal blooms – MSI; BFAR.
Man-made threats and hazards	Oil spills (land-based – factories), hazardous chemicals and noxious substance spils, industrial and hazardous waste - present in Marilao-Mecauayan-Obando River System, overfishing/destructive fishing, deforestation/land use, unsustainable aquaculture practices – ongoing (BFAR main); EMB Region 3, overexploitation/destructive use of habitats (mangroves; coral reefs; seagrass), uncontrolled development of the coastline/conflicting uses, land reclamation – by river dredging, polluted river discharges, overuse/multiple use of river waters – NWRB, polluted groundwaters – NWRB, overuse/mismanagement of groundwater supplies - NWRB, salt water intrusion – NWRB, BSWM (DA), land subsidence – NIGS, MGB (DENR).

Status of ICM Implementation

ICM Coverage and Governance Indicators:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
ICM Coordinating Mechanism			X	Provincial Development Council Special Committee on ICM
ICM Project/Program Office	X			No ICM office has been established locally. However, there is at the Provincial/ Municipal level Incorporated in the Municipal/City Agriculture Office & FARMCs
Stakeholder Participation	X			There are representatives from government and sectoral interest, although they are not specified. It involves a senior political level, but the coordination mechanism does not meet on a regular basis.
Coastal Strategy/Implementation Plan		X		The site still requires the implementation and mainstreaming of coastal strategy implementation plan (CSIP) into the local government annual and medium term plans. MBCO Site Coordinating Office R3 DENR PENRO
ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources Committed	X			The local government is in the process of approving an annual work plan and budget for ICM development and implementation through the LDRRM Fund Investment Plan 2014 for PAO at P1,000,000.00 for coastal management; total for concerned offices
M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)	X			Monitoring especially establishment of a State of the Coast (SOC) reporting system with active participation of the major stakeholders needs to be considered. Although there has been preliminary preparation for a coastal strategy, its full implementation is expected to be realized once the coastal strategy implementation plan (CSIP) is mainstreamed into the local government annual and medium term plans. The site needs the SOC reporting system as an initial step to a good governance mechanism. A common repository of data so that it will become accessible and useful to all concerned stakeholders.

ICM Management Processes:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification			X	• DRRM Plan • CRM, habitat conservation & management through mangrove planting/coastal clean up A coastal strategy has been prepared which provides the vision and strategic directions for coastal area development and management – MBCO Site Coordinating Office R3 DENR PENRO The local government has passed/updates laws related to the management plan – MFO adopted from RA 8550/Fisheries code of 1998
Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others)	X			The local government developed a coastal use zoning plan: • Marilao with approved CLUP • Meyc updating • Obando, Hag, and Paom for SB

Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)	X			Mangroves and small patches of sea grass recorded at the project site. A baseline assessment of the health and resiliency of the habitats has not been conducted.
Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitats	X			No information available.
Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitats	X			No information available.
Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitats		X	X	Massive mangrove planting/Bantay-Dagat Project
Restoration program(s)		X		• DRRM Plan • CRM, habitat conservation & management thru mangrove planting/ coastal clean up
Benefits (social, economic, ecological) o Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks o Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors o Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs o Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights		X		Ongoing (BFAR/MFROI)

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs):


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of MPAs/MPA networks)		X	Mangrove Reserve Area – Bulakan, 23 hectares, small patches of sea grass.
Ecological, social and economic characteristics, significance and conditions of MPA/MPA Network at project start-up	X		No information available.
MPA governance situation at project start-up	X		No information available.
METT rating of management effectiveness of MPA at project start-up	X		No information available.
New or improved MPA management plan	X		No information available.
Improvements recorded at priority MPA sites using METT indicators	X		No information available.

Fisheries Management:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of threatened fishing grounds covered by ICM/EAFM management plans)	X	No information available.
Baseline conditions for CPUE for important fish species (threats, risks, or vulnerability assessments of fishing ground; governance and socio-economic conditions)	X	No information available.
EAFM or similar management plan	X	No information available.
Evidence of measured increase in CPUE of 10% over baseline condition for important fish species using ICM/EAFM approach	X	No information available.
Socio-economic and ecological impacts and benefits derived from ICM/EAFM implementation (DSS models e.g., FISH DA, TURF)	X	No information available.
Socio-economic assessment of fishing households	X	No information available.
Livelihood development and implementation opportunities	X	No information available.
Market assessment/sustainability analysis of alternative livelihoods	X	No information available.
Pilot project proposal/action plan for livelihood development	X	No information available.
Evidence of improvements in socio-economic conditions in fisher households	X	No information available.
Case studies and policy briefs for scaling up and replication	X	No information available.

Pollution Reduction:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of pilot river basin/coastal areas (including areal extent of priority river basins/coastal areas covered by ICM/IWRM management plans)	X		No information available.
Project proposal/action plan for an integrated river basin and coastal area focusing on pollution prevention and management and/or water resource conservation, protection and management		X	DRRM Plan CRM, habitat conservation & management through mangrove planting/ coastal clean up
Water quality monitoring in priority rivers/coastal areas		X	Water quality monitoring by EMB
Evidence of reduced pollutant discharges and water resource conservation, protection and use management	X		No information available.

Nutrient Management and Water Use Conservation:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Household survey of water supply, use and sanitation conditions in coastal and watershed areas		X	X	94.82% households have access to a centralized water supply, and in 2008, it was recorded that 10% of the population were without access to a toilet. 15% of households are without access to safe sanitation (2008) The percentage of households connected to a centralized sewerage system is still being studied.
Feasibility assessment of improved access to safe and secure water supply and improved sanitation through technologies, operations and good management practices	X			No information available.
Evidence of socio-economic and environmental benefits	X			No information available.

Preparedness and Capability to Respond to Natural and Man-made Hazards:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of highly vulnerable coastal communities				Disaster Risk Vulnerability Assessment (DRVA) Report as of November 2013. It encompasses erosion (PDPFP), flooding/storm surges (DRA-CCVA Chapter 2 Hydrometeorological Hazards – Flooding pp. 27; Storm Surge pp. 42-43), landslides (Chapter 2 Rain Induced Landslides p. 39), and natural (Geologic (earthquake, volcanic, ground rapture, liquefaction) and manmade hazards (PDPFP (pyrotechnics)).
Proposal/management action plan for CCA/DRRM-focused ICM pilot demonstration project for highly vulnerable coastal area/community				DRA-CCVA Chapter 8 Proposed DRRM/CCA Strategies p. 252 Other planned projects/investigations include: • Public hospitals and other facilities, to be subjected to structural integrity (plan for 2014 to 2019) study. • Climate-proofing of school buildings (i.e. "on stilts" design)
CCA/DRRM Plans, early warning systems and institutional mechanisms				DRA-CCVA -Chapter 7 p. 240, Chapter 8 p. 255; DRRM Plan. The early warning system is connected to the national forecasting system via DOST, PAG-ASA, OCD (Office of civil defense), NDRRMC (Nat DRR mgt council).
Trainings on vulnerability assessment, mapping etc.				No information available.
Policy/financial commitment in support of action plan				DRA-CCVA Chapter 8 Proposed DRRM/CCA Strategies p. 252
Impacts/benefits derived (socio-economic, public awareness, reduced risk, improved resiliency)				DRA-CCVA Chapter 6 pp. 215-230
Case studies, good practices, climate smart policies and legislation				No information available.
Investments in climate change adaptation measures (including hard and soft engineering solutions)				No information available.
Percentage of households in highly vulnerable coastal areas relocated away from hazard zones (Project target: 5%)				No information available, except that there is an ongoing resettlement of vulnerable communities. There is an identification process (needs geo-hazard and structural stability studies); MGB to issue clearance after studies are conducted. Risk assessment has been conducted to identify highly vulnerable populations or settlements in the community via DRA-CCVA Chapter 6 pp. 215-23.
Percentage of households in highly vulnerable coastal areas provided with evacuation routes and safe refuge locations (Project target: 100%)				No information available.

Innovative Economic and Investment Instruments to Rehabilitate and Sustain Coastal & Marine Ecosystem Services:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of local governments implementing ICM (including priority issues/areas requiring capital financing and investments)				No information available.
Project proposal/feasibility study for bankable investment projects				No information available.
Economic instruments and investment mechanisms (e.g., PES; PPP; licensing/user fee; green bonds; blue carbon; etc.)				No information available.
Evidence of increased investments and social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments				No information available.
Evidence of social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments				No information available.

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