| | | | End of project targets:
• 250 households in 3 sub-basins benefit from access to adequate and safe drinking water
• Water quality and water quantity monitoring program implemented in 3 districts |
Profiles of pilot river basin/coastal areas (including areal extent of priority river basins/coastal areas covered by ICM/IWRM management plans) | | | X | • Houay champi sub- basin is located in Southen Laos, between latitudes 59 - 63 degrees north and longtitude 168 to 170 degrees east. The Houay Champi river has a length of 81,39 km. Houay Champi originates from Thevada and flows into the Sedone. This sub-basin is important in the management of Sedone as 95% of the total population in the sub-basin relies on agriculture for their livelihood. Limited water supply can reduce the productivity of agricultural production. The Houay Champi area is also a main coffee producer for the country and changes in water supply could have a negative impact on coffee production. Houay Champi is also significant to the Province of Champasack since most of the water supplied in Pakse (Southern Capital) originates from Houay Champi (Scoping Report of Champasack Province).
• There are three districts and 44 villages within Hoauychampi sub basin: Paksong, Bachieng and Sanasomboun. Houay Champi covers a total land area of 34,487 hectares. (Scoping Report of Champasack Province).
• In 2013, the State of Houay Champi Sub-basin Report was published (in Lao language) as part of the implementation of the Houay Champi Integrated Sub-River Basin Management Project supported by Swiss Development Agency (State of Houay Champi Sub-basin Report) |
Project proposal/action plan for an integrated river basin and coastal area focusing on pollution prevention and management and/or water resource conservation, protection and management | | | X | Houay Champi Sub-river basin Management Plan 2014-2020 was developed as part of the implementation of the Swiss Development Agency supported Houay Champi Integrated Sub-River Basin Management Project. The Management Plan was prepared through the discussion and consultation with the related stakeholders. It includes 7 main activities to sustain the water resources and environment of the sub-river basin.
Among the priorities identified are as follows.
1. Decreasing forest cover in the headwater area leading to reduced water retention capacity
Proposed GEF interventions:
• Socio-economic and ecological assessment to determine the condition of the site, its socio-economic importance and the extent of reforestation efforts that need to be done
• Development of a management plan for rehabilitation of the headwater area and other key sites in the sub-basin as indicated above
• Using coffee varieties for reforestation to enhance livelihood of farmers (see under livelihood)
• Organization of villages near the area to monitor the planted trees and set up nurseries for reforestation
• Assessment of impacts/survival rate and contribution to improving water holding capacity in the headwater area.
• Organizing Water Resources Management Volunteer Group;
• Development and implementation of water resources management regulation;
• Water Quality Monitoring
• Establishment and maintenance of water Resources Management Fund
• Establish and support water resources volunteer group (Patrolling group)
• Community-based Eco -Tourism group at Ban Watluang.
2. Deteriorating water quality due to solid and liquid wastes
Improper solid and liquid waste disposal contributing to water quality deterioration. These problems arise due to limited access to water and sanitation facilities. Houay Champi is not covered with the existing solid waste collection system as it is too far from the city center.
Liquid wastes is also a major concern, particularly in the rainy season where run-off from factories and business establishments flow directly to the rivers and streams. Water quality monitoring in selected sites found higher concentration of some water quality monitoring parameters (discussed below).
Water quality deterioration due to agriculture and industry run off especially during rainy season. Several management issues contribute to this problem, including:
• Lack of a comprehensive management system and plan for both solid and liquid wastes, not only for the sub-basin but for the province
• Increasing number of tourists but without any existing management plan and mechanisms to reduce negative impacts of tourist activities on the environment.
• Lack of proper drainage also results in poor water quality as sewage go directly to the rivers
• Water quantity decreased due to forest cover in the upstream is decreased and water supply is increased and climate change impacts might be effected on the ecological system as well
To ensure proper implementation of water management plan, hydrological data collection in the site needs to be conducted .
For such reason, the GEF project is being proposed to:
• support the formulation of development plans for both solid and liquid wastes in the province
• support the development of tourism management plan for the province to ensure that the tourist activities will not have a negative impact on the environment in the province.
• support hydrological data collection.
At the district and village levels, the GEF support is being requested to:
• continue to support the waste management initiatives previously done under pilot-scale implementation, at the same time, assisting the province and the districts in developing their waste management plans. The project will also initiate the development of a comprehensive tourist management plan for the province to improve tourist services and ensure that there will be negative impact on the environment.
This will entail the following activities:
• A waste management plan for the province/district should be developed to provide a strategic guide for provincial and district officials in terms of solid and liquid waste management.
• Adding Pakse as one of the priority sites for the GEF project in terms of solid waste management and identifying a potential site for improving liquid waste, either in the city center or in the Houay Champi area
• Expanding waste management in Houay Champi area to cover capacity building for villages on composting and recycling. Given that there is currently no waste collection services in the district, reducing the volume of wastes can be promoted through recycling and composting as we observed that much of the wastes are organic and recycling can be done in schools. Information and public awareness can be done at the provincial level to increase awareness on wastes and its impact on water bodies and consequently, health and livelihood.
• Public awareness on waste management conducting at village level
(Scoping Report of Champasack Province)
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Water quality monitoring in priority rivers/coastal areas | | X | | Based on the results of the monitoring from January – July 2013, the following results from the DWR report indicated:
1. The range of pH in all 4 sampling sites is 6,2 - 8,41 which is under Lao surface water standard, pH at B. Vatluang (upstream) is relative low,
2. Temperature values constantly changed due to seasonal and elevation factors, with highest temperature measured during April 2013 at
B. Champy.
3. Concentration of DO is quite similar to pH, the range is 4,16 - 8,63mg/L, it is considered normal for fresh water and good for aquatic life in the river. In comparison with other sites, DO concentration at B. Watluang is low because of low water quantity and water plants were blocked by sediments therefore, photosynthesis could not work properly.
4. Total Suspended Solid was very low during dry season; nevertheless the level is significantly higher during rainy season due to runoffs from sediments.
5. COD concentrations at 4 sites were low concentration during dry season but it was extremely high in rainy season, which may be caused by water runoff from various pollutant sources in the catchment area. However, BODs were low except for January in Tad E Tou which may be caused some human activities in upstream.
6. Most of heavy metal parameters were not detected in dry season, while heavy metals were not measured
Currently, water quality monitoring results are not yet shared to provincial and district level officials. In order to effectively utilize the results, these will have to be shared with local officials so that appropriate interventions can be made.
(Scoping Report Champasack Province) |
Evidence of reduced pollutant discharges and water resource conservation, protection and use management | | X | | Currently, water quality monitoring results are not yet shared to provincial and district level officials. In order to effectively utilize the results, these will have to be shared with local officials so that appropriate interventions can be made.
Proposed interventions under the GEF Project in addressing water quality deterioration
• Strengthen the water quality monitoring capacity of the provinces in terms of data gathering, interpretation and use for management decision-making. This would entail continuous monitoring at least thrice a year to monitor water quality and quantity in selected sampling sites. The water quality monitoring should be expanded to cover not only the Houay Champi, but key sampling sites in the mainstream of Sedone such as those near the city center and commercial establishments.
• Expanding the parameters to include bio-indicators. The DWR team believes that water quality monitoring using bio-indicators would be useful for communities, particularly in relating water quality and biodiversity.
• Implement small scale waste treatment facility to reduce wastewater discharge directly to the rivers. Some small scale treatment facility have been installed in some parts in Vientiane and the applicability to some parts in Sedone/Houay Champi sub-basin will be determined. This will need to be further discussed with local authorities in relation to the results of the water quality monitoring.
(Scoping Report Champasack Province) |
Solid Waste Management | | | | |
Household survey of solid waste generation, including waste management practices and willingness to pay for solid waste collection and management in priority site | | | X | • Pakse in Champasack Province was part of the sites surveyed for solid waste management in 2010.
• Average waste generation per capita in Pakse was 0.59kg/day.
• The top three waste compositions were food waste (24.42%), plastics (23.92%), and grass wood and leaf (17.44%).
• Waste segregation practice at household level was at 62.3%.
• 50% of those surveyed in Pakse were covered by waste collection services being provided by UDAA (Urban Development and Administration Authority)
• 22.92% of those not being served by waste collection services burned their wastes
• The willingness to pay (WTP) for most of the villages in Pakse for waste collection services ranged from 10001-15000 KIP and 20001-25000 KIP.
Baseline Survey Report on Solid Waste Management in Sedone River, 2011
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Assessment of feasibility of implementing solid waste management program | | | X | • The survey that was conducted in 2011 which covered 6 villages in Pakse District indicated 93.9% among respondents strongly agreed to the implementation of community based solid waste management program.
Baseline Survey Report on Solid Waste Management in Sedone River, 2011
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Recommendations/action plan to implement solid waste management program | X | | | • Solid waste management was implemented in the target 6 villages in Pakse District in the previous phase of the implementation of the Sedone Strategy.
• Some of the constraints/problems during the initial phase of implementation are identified as follows.
- Secondary collection operated by the UDAA is the key issues. All villages in Pakse are seriously complaining to the UDAA service. The collection service is generally provided 1 time per one or two week (s), thus every bin is full of waste.
- Transfer stations are not set up due to there is not suitable place/ space in the project sites. Villagers, therefore, disposed and storage their waste into the waste small provided bins for one or two week(s) period thus resulted over capacity for storage.
(Source: Solid Waste Management Report)
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Evidence of improved solid waste management in the priority site | X | | | No information available. |