Other natural threats and hazards | Earthquake: 4.4 Richter scale recorded in Thuy Nguyen district in 2012.
Coastal erosion: Most of the island Dinh Vu area, south beach of Bai Nha Mac, Road 14, Cat Hai, Phu Long are currently experiencing shore erosion. Erosion rate level reached 1.2 to 9.6 m/year, 5 average, 4 m / year
Sedimentation: Appears currently in Hai Phong Port, Cam river estuary, Do Son beach
(Some results of investigation on erosion and sedimentation at Hai Phong coast., Tran Anh Tu, Tran Duc Thanh)
Landslides: Total length of shoreline eroded: 16.1 km |
Man-made threats and hazards | Oil spills (from sea-based or land-based sources):
Some accidents of the ship which transport petroleum occurred in 2010, 2011 in the coastal zone of Cat Ba, Do Son, Hon Dau
• The oil content in Hai Phong coastal waters tend to rise in the estuary, near the harbor, boat docks, soaked into the bottom sediments.
• Oil pollution is mainly caused by the development transportation, industry, and by means of fishing boats backward and lacking equipment and rescue capability, faster handle when oil spills.
Since 1994 this has happened to more than 30 oil spills in Hai Phong port waters. The most typical sinking of the My Dinh ship on 20/12/2004 at Cat Ba has caused nearly 200 tons of oil into the sea.
Domestic/household sewage:
Under the scheme of the integrated coastal zone management Hai Phong DONRE, each year, Hai Phong suffered about 657-820 thousand tons/day of waste from the Red River Delta
Industrial and hazardous waste: 778 tons per year
Overfishing/destructive fishing:
Bach Long Vi is used as a base for offshore fishing. The marine resources in the immediate vicinity of the island are subject to over-harvesting and destructive fishing practices.
Unsustainable aquaculture practices:
The massive development of fish cages in Cat Hai island causes the pollution to the surrounding water and impact to tourism.
Overexploitation/destructive use of habitats (mangroves; coral reefs; seagrass):
Agricultural land area of the city is declining due to industrial development. According to the Statistical Yearbook of Hai Phong, from 2000 to 2009, with the expansion and development of 04 industrial zones, agricultural land declined by nearly 13%, and approximately 35.98 ha of mangroves lost in 1994-2000 (Van Thao Nguyen et al, 2003).
Uncontrolled development of the coastline/conflicting uses:
The exists conflict between the development of ports (including Hai Phong port expansion and new Lach Huyen port) and the protection of biodiversity. Conflicts between industrial development and environmental protection in Hai Phong. Conflict between tourism development in Cat Ba (Hai Phong) and protecting the environment.
Polluted river discharges:
Da Do river, Re river, Gia river are polluted by the domestic, hospital and factory sewage flows.
Overuse/mismanagement of groundwater supplies:
Occur in Cat Ba island, especially during tourism season (April to August).
Salt water intrusion:
Some coastal estuaries in Hai Phong have been sea incursion phenomena, particularly in the area of Phu Long, Cat Hai, Dinh Vu, The dyke 1, dyke 2, it occurs strongly
Hypoxia/eutrophication of coastal waters:
Occurred in the coastal area of Cat Ba island in 2006, which generated the red tidal phenomena . |