Laoting

Profile

Geographic, Demographic Socioeconomic:


Land area (km²)	1,038 km²
Sea area (km²)	2,513 km²
Coastline (km)	124.87 km
Major river systems (names)	Laoting section of Luan River (1,133 km²)
Total number of coastal cities/municipalities	Laoting County
Population (latest census)	494,000 (2012)
Population growth rate (latest census)	1.37% (2012)
Male/female ratio (latest census)	1.03:1 (2012)
Average annual household income (latest census)	19,982 RMB or USD 3,222 per capita (2012)
Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census) Agriculture/fisheries Industry Services	• First industry: 406,000 • Second industry 37,000 • Third industry: 21,000 (2011)

Ecological/Environmental:


Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)	Shijiutuo coastal wetland ecosystem is included in List of China Key Wetlands, inter-tidal wetland (32.89 km²).
Coastal fisheries (species/levels)	Laoting has a sea area of 1,807.9 km², 310.7 km² of inter-tidal mudflat, providing the ideal habitat for about 20 fish species including shrimps and mollusks. Now fishery is the key economic sector in the county.
Threatened or endangered species (protected species)	Nine bird species are of first level protection in China, 53 bird species of second level. Among these, 27 species are included in China Species Red List.

Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems:


Climate variation and change	No recorded disasters from typhoon; a severe storm surge was recorded in 1993 with tide as high as 6.18 m.
Other natural threats and hazards	A major oil spill incident was recorded in 2011. In rural areas, sewage is normally discharged into river system without any treatment. Seawater intrusion is serious ever since decreasing sedimentation from Luan River in 1980, with 2 m of intrusion each year. Red tides occurred twice in June, 2002, without causing a big loss.

Status of ICM Implementation

ICM Coverage and Governance Indicators:


	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
ICM Coordinating Mechanism	X
ICM Project/Program Office	X		Specific staff in Laoting Ocean and Fisheries Bureau are responsible for ICM.
Stakeholder Participation	X		Consultation process; local departments participate in decision making process
Coastal Strategy/Implementation Plan	X		Laoting City Planning and Strategy Study
ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources Committed		X	Laoting County Coastal Integrated treatment management committee was in place. Sea area use management regulation was developed and Laoting 12th-Five Year Plan Marine Economy Development Plan as well. Hebei Marine Function Zoning (2012–2020) and Laoting Sea Area Use Plan were in place.
M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)	X

ICM Management Processes:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification			X	Shijiutuo coastal wetland ecosystem is included in List of China Key Wetlands, inter-tidal wetland (32.89 km²)
Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others)		X

Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats:


	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)	X	Shijiutuo coastal wetland ecosystem is included in List of China Key Wetlands, tidal wetland (16 km²), inter-tidal wetland (32.89 km² or 95.05%)
Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitats	X	No information available
Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitats	X	Shijiutuo coastal wetland ecosystem is included in List of China Key Wetlands, tidal wetland, inter-tidal wetland (32.89 km²)
Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitats	X	The Planning of Integrated Governance for environmental protection of Laoting 2017
Restoration program(s)	X	The remediation projects of 13th five-year plan, namely, Developing Mangrove Forests in the Southern China and Chinese Tamarix Forests in the Northern China”, “Blue Bay” and “Ecological Islands” from national level
Benefits (social, economic, ecological) - Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks - Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors - Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs - Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights	X	Keep biodiversity and protect endangered species; Encourage employment and investment; Increase income through fishery and tourism

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