| Climate variation and change | Typhoons/severe tropical storms: In 2013, natural disasters caused increasingly complex developments; there were 5 Hurricanes and tropical depression storm affecting 11 provinces, killing 4 people, injuring 15 people; 468 houses, 6 classrooms, 1 rice mill, and 11,082 hectares of rice. 210 hectares of crops, 6.94 ha of fruit trees and some buildings were damaged, due to landslides and embankments, river banks, Highway plastic, some power lines. Total damage estimated around 78.8 billion. Authorities have so far supported 546 million for households to overcome damages.
Sea level rise: The water levels of the rivers in the province were recorded at a higher-level AMY from 0.04 to 0.30 m. The highest water level reached in 2013 at the University Ngai Date 10/20/2013 2.08 m, 2.29 m at Tran's (historical water level is 2.37 m in 2012). (CCTL & Flood)
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| Other natural threats and hazards | Coastal erosion: A ward the fiscal coast seaside town of Vinh Chau, measuring a total length of about 20km, the erosion rate averages about 10m/nam. Paragraph landslide in the district of Cu Lao Dung mainly occurs in An Thanh Ba commune, so the total length is about 5km, average speed 4-5m/nam. Climate change will alter the flow and shoreline dynamics, increases the risk of erosion leading to salinization, affecting aquaculture, rice, vegetables coastal areas. Cause cavitation erosion, disrupted sea dike (sea dike Vinh Chau) and works, coastal infrastructure, fields and threatening coastal population, most notably of households living outside the dike Thanh commune III (Cu Lao Dung). Landslide occurances not only physical harm but also bring about issues affecting social stability of the people of the sea. |
| Other climate/man-made hazards | |
| Man-made threats and hazards | Overfishing/destructive fishing: Coastal areas overexploitation manifests from uncontrolled development of some small vessels, with no boat registration, and some people catching clams in excess.
Overexploitation / destructive use of habitats (mangroves, coral reefs, seagrass): Mangrove forests are in decline. Many activities are detrimental to forests, such as fishing in mangrove forests salt, cutting down trees, digging soil from the forest, killing newly planted seedlings. The Soc Trang coast is very volatile because of sedimentation and erosion. The construction works on the coast are one of the main causes that negatively affect the stability and value of Soc Trang coast.
Polluted river discharges: In the inner region Vinh Chau town and the coastal towns, domestic wastewater, municipal wastewater and industrial, including the seafood processing factories and handicraft establishments expel solid waste that has not been thoroughly treated. This is the primary source which affect surface water quality in the tributaries and canals. Some small canals flow through urban areas which add to contamination. Wastewater from residential areas and production facilities have almost no processing systems. Indiscriminate dumping down rivers, streams, ponds, marshes, degrade the quality of surface water, where many organic pollutants and microbial nutrition are very high. Waste also obstructs flow and contributes to increased inundation in times of major water or rain. In addition, the drainage system in Soc Trang town is in a state of degradation, solid waste landfills of Soc Trang town have yet to be fully fixed of the problem of odor pollution and water recycle rust, which also contribute to the pollution of the coastal province in general. Emissions from land-based sources enter the marine environment with adverse impacts on water quality and coastal ecosystems of the province, especially in a location near aquaculture areas, populated areas, wharf fish showed signs of microbial contamination and nutrition.
Overuse / multiple use of river waters: Results of monitoring of surface water in Soc Trang province from the most recent 5 years showed that surface water on the rivers flowing through the city and the provincial town have organic contamination in higher amounts than the previous year. Parameters of biological oxygen demand (BOD 5) exceeds the average technical regulations allowance by 1.63 times. Particularly in the city of Soc Trang, Maspero surface water channel parameters exceed 1.49 times the average BOD5. The cause of the pollution of surface water is mainly due to various processing plants springing up but the work of wastewater treatment has not been thoroughly investigated. People's awareness is not high in the handling waste management, wastewater treatment before discharging into public environments.
Polluted groundwaters: Survey results show that the province has more than 78,000 drilling wells that exploit groundwater use. The rampant mining has lead to lower groundwater levels, increased permeability and salt water intrusion. The results of monitoring in 2010 at exploiting popular stories from 62-157 meters depth showed 62-105m layer, groundwater levels dropped 1.48 meters compared to 5 years ago (average annual reduction of 0, 3 meters). Floor 105-157 meters water levels dropped nearly 1 meter (average fell nearly 0.2 meters / year). In addition to reducing serious groundwater levels, according to incomplete statistics of functional departments, the province currently has approximately 1,600 groundwater extraction wells damaged but no technically correct repairs. The delay in treatment and control of groundwater recovery wells will lead to risk of contamination.
Salt water intrusion: Highest salinity measured at the station in 2013 as follows: 21.7 ‰ in Tran; (20.9 ‰ in 2012); in Long Phu 18.1 ‰ (16.8 ‰ in 2012); Dai Ngai at 8.7 ‰ (8.4 ‰ in 2012); Thanh Thoi Thuan at 19.5 ‰ (22.0 ‰ in 2012); in Thanh Phu 10.6 ‰ (5.4 ‰ in 2012); Soc Trang City 5.5 ‰ (2.0 ‰ in 2012); In Russia In 16.7 ‰ (22.1 ‰ in 2012). |
