Thua Thien Hue

Date of Profile Completion:

December 31, 2017

Profile

Geographic, Demographic Socioeconomic:


Land area (km²)	Whole province: 5033.25 km², Coastal area: 2647.24 km²
Sea area (km²)	1500 km²
Coastline (km)	128 km
Major river systems (names)	Huong river system, O Lau river, Nong river, Truoi river, Cau Hai river, Bu Lu river Huong River: originates from two main sources, both from Truong Son mountainous range. The main course is Ta Trach, 67 km long, the other is Huu Trach, 60 km long. These two rivers meet and makes the Huong River of 33 km in length. The Huong river watershed area is 713 km²
Total number of coastal cities/municipalities	6 districts, 2 towns and 1 city, include: Hue city, Huong Tra town, Huong Thuy town, Phong Dien district, Quang Dien district, Phu Vang district, Phu Loc district, Nam Dong district, A Luoi district
Population (latest census)	1,115,523 people
Population growth rate (latest census)	1.12%
Male/Female ratio (latest census)	49.45%/50.55%
Average annual household income (latest census)	No information available.
Sectoral employment (percentage of total employment; latest census)	• Agriculture/fisheries: 43.07% • Industry: 27.72% • Services: 25.7% (in 2011)

Ecological/Environmental:


Key Marine Habitats (Mangrove, Coral, Seagrass, etc.) (Areal coverage/habitat)	Mangroves in Thua Thien Hue extend about 30 hectares, and consists of four main areas : Ru Cha - Con Te (Huong Phong) ,Tan My (Thuan An), Bu Lu sea mouth and Lap An lagoon (Lang Co). Coral reef is located in Son Cha - Hai Van. Seagrass in Thua Thien Hue, lagoons have 7 species of sea grass, distributed in an area of about 1220 ha. The Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoons also have 10 species of freshwater aquatic grass.
Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (Number of MPAs and total areal coverage)	There are 10 fisheries protection zone in Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon with a total area of 307.7 ha.
Coastal fisheries (species/levels)	Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoons: Invertebrata: • Annelida: 23 species of Polychaeta. • Mollusca: 18 species of Mesogastropoda, Filobranchia and Eulamellibranchia. Arthropoda: • 33 species of Cladocera and Copepoda • 12 species of Crustacean Pisces: have identified 163 fish species, belonging to 95 genuses, 60 families, located in 17 different orders. Lap An lagoon: • 185 species of flora and fauna, which has high economic value • Ephemera flora: 132 species • Osteichthyes class has 700 species, 101 families and 20 orders.
Threatened or endangered species (protected species)	Rare vertebrate animal species in Thua Thien Hue province: • 1 species Extinct in the Wild (EW) belong to Class Osteichthyes (bony fish). • 8 species Critically Endangered (CR): Reptiles (Reptilia class), Birds (Class Aves): 2 species, Mammals (class Mammalia): 2 species. • 33 species Endangered (EN): Mammals: 15 species; Reptiles: 09 species; Birds: 05 species; Bony fish (Class Osteichthyes): 03 species and Class Amphibia: 01 species. • 49 species Vulnerable (VU): Mammal: 20 species; Bony fish (Class Osteichthyes): 11 species; Birds (Class Aves): 10 species; Reptiles (Reptilia class): 05 species and Class Amphibia: 03 species. • 5 species Lower risk: Mammal: 3 species and Birds (Class Aves): 2 species. • 3 species Data deficient (DD) belong to Mammal. • Rare vascular plant species in Thua Thien Hue province • 4 species Critically Endangered (CR) belong to Angiospermatophyta. • 50 species Endangered (EN) and 49 other species belong to Angiospermatophyta. • 67 species Vulnerable (VU) belong to Polypodiophyta, 5 species belong to Pinophyta, and 60 species belong to Angiospermatophyta. • 1 species Lower risk belong to Pinophyta.

Threats and Hazards to sustainable development of marine and coastal areas and ecosystems:


Climate variation and change	Typhoons/severe tropical storms: Average 6 storms every year, in recent years the number of storms tends to increase in number and level. Storms surges/flooding: Usually occurs in accordance with the rainy season, from October to December every year. According to monitoring data from 1977-2006 in Huong river, there is an average of 3.5 floods every year, the highest is 7 storms. Sea level rise: Sea level rise in 2020 compared with the period 1980-1999 about 11 - 12cm Drought: Droughts occur every year, especially during El Nino years. There were severe droughts in 1977, 1993-1994, 1997-1998, 2002.
Other natural threats and hazards	Coastal erosion: Currently, there are over 30 km of shoreline heavy erosion, with a focus on the areas; Phong Dien district, Quang Dien district, Phu Vang district, Phu Loc district and Huong Tra town. Sedimentation: Lap An lagoon sediment (has an area about 16km2, located in Lang Co, Phu Loc district) Landslides: Landslide along riverbanks with over 36km in length, mainly along Bo river, Huong river, Truoi river.
Other climate/man-made hazards
Man-made threats and hazards	Oil spills (from sea-based or land-based sources): Thua Thien Hue has infrequent oil spills from the sea. In 2007, 326.720kg oil clumping is collected due to oil spill in the East Sea. Oil lumps appeared in Thuan An beach, Phu Vang district in 2011. These accidents occurred on Thua Thien Hue sea area. Domestic garbage/solid waste: Urban areas – 2013: 468 tons / day. Projected in 2020 - 616 tons / day. Rural areas - 2013: 205 tons/day. Projected in 2020: 273 tons/day. Industrial and hazardous waste: Solid waste industry estimates in 2020: 1264 tons/day. Hazardous waste estimates in 2020: 257 tons/day Overfishing/destructive fishing: People still use destructive fishing gear such as gear with small eye, electricity gear, hand gill nets. The inspection and supervision forces has effective management. Deforestation/land use: Deforestation caused by people, utilized for agriculture and tends to increase. Sustainable aquaculture practices: Clear and rearrange catchment equipments on Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoons. Establish fisheries protection zones on Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoons. Inspect regularly, control environment for aquaculture activities in the province. Overexploitation/destructive use of habitats (mangroves; coral reefs; seagrass): Mangroves: due to irrational exploitation, currently mangrove forest area is approximately 30ha. Illegal and spontaneous exploitation of coral reef in Hai Van Son Cha. Uncontrolled development of the coastline/conflicting uses: Conflicts in exploitation and use of resources and coastal environment. Lack of collaboration, integrated management coastal and marine among sectors and localities. Polluted river discharges: According to monitoring results in 2010 and 2011, water quality of major rivers such as Huong river, Bo river, O Lau river has accumulated pollution caused by economic development in the downstream of the river. Polluted ground waters: Groundwater is only preliminary assessment on reserves and quality. According to the monitoring results in 2010-2011, groundwater quality is affected by pollution caused by social - economic development activities. Salt water intrusion: Occurs every year, especially during the El Nino years. Saline intrusion and severe droughts in 1977, 1993-1994, 1997-1998, 2002. Land subsidence: Only happens locally. Land subsidence in Thuy Bieu commune, Hue City with diameter of 6m, 15m deep. Land subsidence (minor) in Phu My commune, Phu Vang district. Harmful algal blooms: Appeared 12 planktonic algae have potential toxic. About 23 species of microalgae are potentially harmful Hypoxia/eutrophication of coastal waters: There is eutrophication of coastal waters, but no specific statistics.

Status of ICM Implementation

ICM Coverage and Governance Indicators:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
ICM Coordinating Mechanism	X		The coordinating mechanism for ICM in Thua Thien Hue was developed and operated during the period 2000-2005, when the province participated in the Vietnam – Netherlands VNICZM project. After this project finished, this mechanism worked for 2 more years in support the Coastal Cooperative Program (funded by the Netherlands also); however the Steering committee and Technical support Group did not work regularly, as before. After the CCP was completed, the coordinating mechanism no longer existed. Thua Thien Hue later (in 2010) became an ICM parallel site of PEMSEA network, but there is almost no activity of ICM implemented so far.
ICM Project/Program Office		X	Ministry of Natural resources and Environment (Vietnam Administration of Seas and Islands)
Stakeholder Participation	X		Thua Thien Hue benefits much from the ICM training activity in Vietnam, particularly through the implementation of VNICZM project and being PEMSEA’s parallel site. However, the PSILMA staffs have not been well trained, especially in ICM, as the majority of the staff members are new.
Coastal Strategy/Implementation Plan	X		Coastal strategy and action plan for Thua Thien Hue province was developed within the VNICZM project, but the organization mechanism and implementation schedule were not set up. The State of the Coasts or related monitoring and reporting system. In 2012 TT Hue developed the coastal use zoning plan, but there is now difficulty for its implementation as the coordinating mechanism has not yet been recovered.
ICM Work Plan, Budget & Financing and Human Resources Committed	X		No information available.
M&E Mechanism (including SOC Reporting)	X		No information available.

ICM Management Processes:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Management Plan(s)* (e.g., CCA/DRR; habitat protection, restoration and management; water use/supply management; food security and livelihood management; pollution reduction and waste management; etc.) *at least 2 required for ICM Code Level 1 certification				• Project Mitigation of risks from natural disasters and adaptation to climate change by community-based approach, sponsored by Caritas Australia, 5/2011- 4/2012 at Huong Phong and Hai Duong communes, Huong Tra district • Decision No. 313/QD-UBND approving the Action Plan on climate change response for Thua Thien Hue province until 2020. Total budget estimated is 4,562.334 bil. VND • Project on integrated management of activities in TT Hue lagoons (IMOLA, 2004 – 2012, implemented in all 5 coastal districts) • Fisheries Support Programme, Phase II (FSPS-II) under MARD, 2006 – 2012 • Detailed zoning and integrated management of coastal sand beach of TT Hue province. Time of implementation: 2014-2018. Budget: From PEMSEA Resource Facility: 2.5 bil. VND (~ 175,000 USD). Counterpart budget from TT Hue province: 1.3 bil. VND (~65,000 USD) 7.7. Implementing agency: PSILMA of Thua Thien Hue.
Tools applied at the ICM site (e.g., zoning/MSP; MPAs, EAFM, IRBM, others)	X			No information available.

Areal Extent, Health and Resiliency of Coastal and Marine Habitats:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of coastal and marine habitats)		X		Mangroves in Thua Thien Hue extend about 30 hectares, and consists of four main areas: Ru Cha - Con Te (Huong Phong) ,Tan My (Thuan An), Bu Lu sea mouth and Lap An lagoon (Lang Co). Coral reef is located in Son Cha - Hai Van. Seagrass in Thua Thien Hue, lagoons have 7 species of sea grass, distributed in an area of about 1220 ha. The Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoons also have 10 species of freshwater aquatic grass.
Areal extent of damaged/degraded habitats	X			No information available.
Areal extent of healthy and resilient habitats	X			No information available.
Proposals/Action plans to restore damaged/degraded habitats			X	• Decision 1579/QD-UBND dated August 30th, 2010 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on approving forest development on coastal sandy areas and lagoons in Thua Thien Hue province period 2011-2015 • Decision No. 2811/QD-UBND dated December 31st, 2011 on issuing plan to promote the dissemination of management , protection and sustainable development of seas, islands and lagoons in Thua Thien Hue province period 2011 - 2015 . • Decision 2293/QD-UBND dated December 5th, 2012 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on coastal use zoning plan until 2020, orientation toward 2030. • Decision 628/QD-UBND dated April 3rd, 2013 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on approving Sustainability land use zoning on beaches, public entertainment in the Thua Thien Hue coastal area until 2025 plan • Plan 31/KH-UBND dated March 27th, 2008 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on sustainable development in Thua Thien Hue province period 2008 -2020 • Thua Thien Hue sustainable development plan period 2008 - 2020 (Plan 31/KH-UBND dated March 27th, 2008) • Decision 2293/QD-UBND dated December 5th, 2012 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on coastal use zoning plan until 2020, orientation toward 2030 • Decision 628/QD-UBND dated April 3rd, 2013 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on approving Sustainability land use zoning on beaches, public entertainment in the Thua Thien Hue coastal area until 2025 plan • Integrated Management of Lagoon Activities in Thua Thien Hue Province (IMOLA - from 2004 to 2012, develop in 05 districts in the province coastal lagoons
Restoration program(s)	X			No information available.
Benefits (social, economic, ecological) - Addressing/reducing CCA/DRR risks - Harmonizing access to marine space by established economic sectors - Assessing costs and benefits to clearly understand socio-economic and ecological trade-offs - Extending governance principles to be more inclusive to weaker disadvantaged sector, addressing issues of tenure and use-based access rights	X			No information available.

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs):


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of MPAs/MPA networks)		X	There are 10 fisheries protection zone in Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon with a total area of 307.7 ha.
Ecological, social and economic characteristics, significance and conditions of MPA/MPA Network at project start-up	X		No information available.
MPA governance situation at project start-up	X		No information available.
METT rating of management effectiveness of MPA at project start-up	X		No information available.
New or improved MPA management plan	X		No information available.
Improvements recorded at priority MPA sites using METT indicators	X		No information available.

Fisheries Management:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Scoping (including areal extent of threatened fishing grounds covered by ICM/EAFM management plans)	X		No information available.
Baseline conditions for CPUE for important fish species (threats, risks, or vulnerability assessments of fishing ground; governance and socio-economic conditions)	X		No information available.
EAFM or similar management plan	X
Evidence of measured increase in CPUE of 10% over baseline condition for important fish species using ICM/EAFM approach	X		No information available.
Socio-economic and ecological impacts and benefits derived from ICM/EAFM implementation (DSS models e.g., FISH DA, TURF)	X		No information available.
Socio-economic assessment of fishing households	X		No information available.
Livelihood development and implementation opportunities	X		No information available.
Market assessment/sustainability analysis of alternative livelihoods	X		No information available.
Pilot project proposal/action plan for livelihood development		X	• Decision 1402/QD-UBND dated July 13th, 2009 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on approving Adjustment master plan for tourism development in Thua Thien Hue province until 2015, orientation toward 2020 • Decision on approving fisheries protection zone: • Decision 2435/QD-UBND dated November 5th, 2009 on the establishment of Con Chim fisheries protection zone. • Decision 474/QD-UBND dated May 9th on the establishment Con Cat fisheries protection zone, Dien Hai commune, Phong Dien district • Decision 1763/QD-UBND dated September 22nd, 2010 on establishment Doi Choi fisheries protection zone, Phu Dien commune, Phu Vang district • Decision 2259/QD-UBND dated November 17th, 2010 on the establishment Dap Tay- Chua Ma fisheries protection zone, Vinh Giang commune, Phu Loc district. • Decision 1009/QD-UBND dated May 19th, 2011 on the establishment Vung Me fisheries protection zone, Quang Loi commune, Quang Dien district. • Decision 1008/QD-UBND dated May 9th, 2011 on the establishment Hon Nui Quen fisheries protection zone, Loc Binh Commune, Phu Loc district • Decision 1121/QD-UBND dated June 25th, 2012 on the establishment Khe Dap Lang fisheries protection zone, Loc Binh Commune, Phu Loc district. • Decision 2413/QD-UBND dated December 19th, 2012 on the establishment Doi Mai Bong fisheries protection zone, Vinh Xuan commune, Phu Vang district. • Decision 152/QD-UBND dated January 24th, 2013 on the establishment Con Say fisheries protection zone, Huong Phong commune, Huong Tra town. • Decision 598/QD-UBND dated March 28th, 2013 on the establishment Ha Na fisheries protection zone Vinh Hien commune, Phu Loc district. • Decision 621/QD dated March 18th, 2011 by Thua Thien Hue PPC on approving Thua Thien Hue adjustment for aquaculture planning until 2015, orientation toward 2020
Evidence of improvements in socio-economic conditions in fisher households	X		No information available.
Case studies and policy briefs for scaling up and replication	X		No information available.

Pollution Reduction:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of pilot river basin/coastal areas (including areal extent of priority river basins/coastal areas covered by ICM/IWRM management plans)	X		No information available.
Project proposal/action plan for an integrated river basin and coastal area focusing on pollution prevention and management and/or water resource conservation, protection and management		X	• Central region environment improvement project (CRUEIP) on building landfills and solid waste treatment and waste water plant in Lang Co Town, Phu Loc district period 2009 to 2010 • Disaster Risk Mitigation and adaptation to climate change community-based prject, sponsored by Caritas Australia Funding, from 5/2011- 4/2012 in Huong Phong commune, Hai Duong commune, Huong Tra town
Water quality monitoring in priority rivers/coastal areas	X		No information available.
Evidence of reduced pollutant discharges and water resource conservation, protection and use management	X		No information available.

Nutrient Management and Water Use Conservation:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Household survey of water supply, use and sanitation conditions in coastal and watershed areas		X	% of households on individual wells: 15% % of households without access to safe water supply: 11.8% % of households on septic tanks or other on-site sanitation facility: 85.7%
Feasibility assessment of improved access to safe and secure water supply and improved sanitation through technologies, operations and good management practices	X		No information available.
Evidence of socio-economic and environmental benefits	X		No information available.

Preparedness and Capability to Respond to Natural and Man-made Hazards:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	ONGOING DEV'T	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of highly vulnerable coastal communities	X		No information available.
Proposal/management action plan for CCA/DRRM-focused ICM pilot demonstration project for highly vulnerable coastal area/community		X	• Decision 313/QD-UBND dated February 5th, 2013 on approving of the Thua Thien Hue action plan to respond climate change until 2020 • Thua Thien Hue Environmental Protection Action Plan for climate change (2011-2020) • Decision 2125/QD-UBND dated October 13th, 2011 on approving project "Raising awareness and responsibility of the community for climate change adaptation in Thua Thien Hue until 2015 • Planning and implementing key programs to protect the environment and prevent, mitigate natural disasters and climate change.
CCA/DRRM Plans, early warning systems and institutional mechanisms	X
Trainings on vulnerability assessment, mapping etc.	X		No information available.
Policy/financial commitment in support of action plan	X		No information available.
Impacts/benefits derived (socio-economic, public awareness, reduced risk, improved resiliency)	X		No information available.
Case studies, good practices, climate smart policies and legislation	X		No information available.
Investments in climate change adaptation measures (including hard and soft engineering solutions)	X		No information available.
Percentage of households in highly vulnerable coastal areas relocated away from hazard zones (Project target: 5%)	X		No information available.
Percentage of households in highly vulnerable coastal areas provided with evacuation routes and safe refuge locations (Project target: 100%)	X		No information available.

Innovative Economic and Investment Instruments to Rehabilitate and Sustain Coastal & Marine Ecosystem Services:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of local governments implementing ICM (including priority issues/areas requiring capital financing and investments)	X	No information available.
Project proposal/feasibility study for bankable investment projects	X	No information available.
Economic instruments and investment mechanisms (e.g., PES; PPP; licensing/user fee; green bonds; blue carbon; etc.)	X	No information available.
Evidence of increased investments and social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments	X	No information available.
Evidence of social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments	X	No information available.

Innovative Economic and Investment Instruments to Rehabilitate and Sustain Coastal & Marine Ecosystem Services:


	NOT YET IN PLACE	SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION/ REMARKS
Profiles of local governments implementing ICM (including priority issues/areas requiring capital financing and investments)	X	No information available.
Project proposal/feasibility study for bankable investment projects	X	No information available.
Economic instruments and investment mechanisms (e.g., PES; PPP; licensing/user fee; green bonds; blue carbon; etc.)	X	No information available.
Evidence of increased investments and social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments	X	No information available.
Evidence of social, economic and ecological benefits and impacts from increased investments	X	No information available.

Photos

Vietnam

Search form